Prof. Shane Crotty
@profshanecrotty · La Jolla, San Diego · joined 21 Mar 2016
Vaccines and immune system scientist. Professor, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), a non-profit research institute @ljiresearch. PhD not MD.
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Nice work @isaak_quast ! That’s a great graphic about the memory B cell re-recruitment 🙏🏼
@harrysutton93
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@UCSanDiego @UCSDMedSchool I’m on twitter @victornizet if you like tweets and memes on the science of host-pathogen interactions, innate immunity, and antibiotic resistance—or the foibles of academic life
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On Omicron boosters and the immune system attempting to peer into the future:
“All of that is really showing the brilliance of the immune system of making guesses about what variants are going to look like,”
Nevertheless…
https://t.co/j3dJh3Hl6y
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Tweetorial on a very interesting paper. Crotty Lab journal club by @P1RAD
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@profshanecrotty Would be nice to compare with natural immunity.
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mRNA vaccinees had substantial declines in neutralizing antibodies, which has been widely reported, while memory T cells and B cells were comparatively stable over 6 months.
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These observations appear to be consistent with the relatively high degree of protection maintained against hospitalizations with COVID-19 after these vaccines over 6 months, and the differential VE reported between mRNA COVID-19 vaccines and J&J. /end
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Overall, J&J was not the strongest immunogen by any measurement, though the J&J T cell, B cell, and antibody responses were relatively stable over 6 months.
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Novavax elicited CD4+ T cell memory and neutralizing antibody titers comparably to the mRNA vaccines.
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One of the most differentiating features of J&J was high % of CXCR3+ memory B cells. CXCR3+ memory B cells were correlated with neutralizing antibodies after J&J immunization, but not mRNA, suggesting a specific functional role in viral vector B cell responses. https://t.co/Tmb61
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Across the antigen-specific immune metrics assessed, mRNA vaccines were consistently the most immunogenic, with levels higher than or equal to that of J&J and Novavax vaccines for each immune response.
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Spike- and RBD-specific memory B cell responses were detected in all individuals to each of the four vaccines. While neutralizing antibody titers declined over time in mRNA vaccinees, the frequency of spike-specific memory B cells increased over time. @camilahcoelho https://t.co/
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CD8 T cells
mRNA vaccines and J&J induced comparable CD8+ T cell frequencies, though memory CD8+ T cells were only detectable in 60-67% of subjects at 6 months. https://t.co/krw5THkog4
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CD4 T cells
100% of individuals made memory CD4+ T cells, with Tfh highly represented after mRNA or Novavax vaccination. CD4-CTL were also unexpectedly common. https://t.co/C6lPaU1zO8
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Binding and neutralizing antibodies
Moderna (mRNA-1273), Pfizer (BNT162b2), J&J/Janssen (Ad26.COV2.S), Novavax (NVX-CoV2373).
At 6 months post-immunization, the neutralizing antibody titer hierarchy between the vaccines was Moderna ~ Pfizer ~ Novavax > J&J. https://t.co/UMObXgUnG
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Comparisons of Novavax antibody responses to other vaccines after 6 months have been very limited. Here we observed that Novavax neutralizing antibody titers were comparable to that of Pfizer and only moderately lower than Moderna.
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Conceptually, this new manuscript is a continuation of the scientific approach we used in previous studies—looking at CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, memory B cells, and antibodies in the same people in parallel—now aiming to understand immune memory to multiple COVID vaccines. 4/17 ht
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A unique opportunity to comprehensively analyze immune responses in a longitudinal fashion for individuals immunized in the same year with different vaccine platforms and having no prior immunity.
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These comparisons are of broader interest, because they compare human acute and memory immune responses longitudinally to three different vaccine platforms: mRNA, viral vector, and protein. 2/17 https://t.co/4ysNiABgDT
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It has been 15 months of work by a lot of people. A massive team effort! Congrats to everyone involved for their hard work, long hours, and persistence getting this project complete. 🙏🏼 3/17
@SetteLab @Dani6020 @camilahcoelho @ljiresearch
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Our new pre-print posted. We compare immune memory to Moderna, Pfizer, J&J, and Novavax COVID-19 vaccines head-to-head. T cells, B cells, and antibody. We think this is the most comprehensive immunological evaluation of these four different vaccines. 1/17
https://t.co/jHeQk41jHX
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